Factors Affecting the Speed of CNC Lathes

Traditional mechanical processing is done by manually operating ordinary machine tools. During processing, mechanical tools are shaken by hand to cut metal, and the accuracy of the product is measured by eyes using tools such as calipers. Modern industry has long used computer digitally controlled machine tools for operations. CNC machine tools can automatically process any product and parts directly according to the program pre-programmed by technicians. This is what we call CNC processing. CNC processing is widely used in all fields of mechanical processing, and it is the development trend and important and necessary technical means of mold processing.

CNC lathes have processing technology that other machines cannot achieve in use, and they are also unambiguous in producing difficult and complex parts. When programming CNC lathes, attention must be paid to the cutting amount in each process, and the cutting amount must be correctly selected when using, which can improve the quality and output of the product. The conditions that generally affect the cutting speed, depth and feed rate include the rigidity of machine tools, tools, cutting tools and workpieces; cutting speed, cutting depth, cutting feed rate; workpiece accuracy and surface roughness; tool life expectancy and productivity; type of cutting fluid, cooling method; hardness and heat treatment of workpiece materials; number of workpieces; life of machine tools.

Different tool materials have different allowable cutting speeds: the high-temperature resistant cutting speed of high-speed steel tools is less than 50m/min, the high-temperature resistant cutting speed of carbide tools can reach more than 100m/min, and the high-temperature resistant cutting speed of ceramic tools can reach up to 1000m/min.

Workpiece material: The hardness of the workpiece material will affect the cutting speed of the tool. The cutting speed should be reduced when the same tool is processing hard materials, while the cutting speed can be increased when processing softer materials.

Tool life: If the tool life (life) is required to be long, a lower cutting speed should be used. On the contrary, a higher cutting speed can be used.

Cutting depth and feed amount: The larger the cutting depth and feed amount, the greater the cutting resistance, and the greater the cutting heat, so the cutting speed should be reduced.

Tool shape: The shape of the tool, the size of the angle, and the sharpness of the cutting edge will affect the selection of the cutting speed.