Working Principle of CNC Inclined Bed Lathe

The working principle of CNC inclined bed lathe is mainly based on CNC technology. The movement of the machine tool is controlled by computer program to achieve precise processing of the workpiece.

1. Machine tool structure

CNC inclined bed lathe has a unique inclined bed design, which helps to increase the rigidity and stability of the machine tool, reduce vibration, and thus improve processing accuracy. The machine tool is mainly composed of bed, spindle, feed system, tool system, cooling system, lubrication system and other parts. The bed, as the main part of the machine tool, is used to support and fix other parts; the spindle is used to drive the workpiece to rotate; the feed system controls the feed movement of the tool on the workpiece; the tool system is used to cut the workpiece; the cooling system and lubrication system are used to cool the tool and workpiece and lubricate the moving parts of the machine tool respectively.

2. Control system

The control system of CNC inclined bed lathe is the brain of the machine tool, which consists of computer hardware and software. The hardware part includes the main control board, servo drive, encoder, etc., which are used to realize the control and monitoring of various parts of the machine tool. The software part includes the operation interface, motion control algorithm and processing program, etc., which are used to write and execute instructions for the processing process. The operation interface provides an intuitive operation platform for operators to input processing instructions and parameters through devices such as keyboards, mice or touch screens. The motion control algorithm calculates the motion trajectory and speed of each axis of the machine tool according to the processing program and the input parameters, and controls the servo drive to drive the machine tool to achieve the corresponding movement.

3. Processing program

The processing program is the core of the CNC inclined bed lathe work. It consists of a series of G codes and M codes, which are used to describe the geometry of the workpiece, cutting parameters and processing sequence. G code is used to control the geometric movement of the machine tool, such as the generation of cutting paths such as straight lines and arcs; M code is used to control the auxiliary functions of the machine tool, such as tool change, coolant switch, etc. The operator needs to use CAM (computer-aided manufacturing) software to write the processing program according to the design drawings and processing requirements of the workpiece, and convert it into G code and M code that the machine tool can recognize.

4. Processing process

During the processing process, CNC inclined bed lathe first receives the processing program through the operation interface and stores it in the computer memory. Then, according to the instructions in the processing program, the computer calculates the motion trajectory and speed of each axis of the machine tool through the motion control algorithm, and controls the servo drive to drive the machine tool to perform the corresponding movement. At the same time, the cooling system and lubrication system will automatically start according to the processing requirements to ensure the smooth progress of the cutting process. During the processing, the CNC system will also continuously monitor the status of the machine tool and tool, such as cutting force, vibration, temperature, etc., to ensure the accuracy and safety of the processing.